A. 知识产权法,商标法,:专利法,著作权法的知识结构是怎样的
知识产权法包括著作权法、专利法、商标法及反不正当竞争法的部分。
参考内容:法律界网站法务通VV
B. 著作权和专利权有何区别
第一,保护的对象不同。著作权保护的是供人们欣赏、学习和阅读内的作品,如小说等;商标容权保护的是用于区别不同生产经营者和不同商品的商品和服务标记,如海尔等商标。第二,保护的条件和要求不同。《著作权法》可以保护两部主题相同的作品,只要这些作品具有独创性。但《商标法》不会保护在同一种或同一类商品上的两个相同的商标。第三,权利产生方式不同。著作权通常自动产生,不必经过任何登记或审查程序;商标则必须依法由国家特定的行政机关进行审查后授予合法申请人。
C. 著作权和专利权的区别是什么
第一,保护的对象不同。著作权保护的是供人们欣赏、学习和阅读的作品,如小回说等;商标权答保护的是用于区别不同生产经营者和不同商品的商品和服务标记,如海尔等商标。第二,保护的条件和要求不同。《著作权法》可以保护两部主题相同的作品,只要这些作品具有独创性。但《商标法》不会保护在同一种或同一类商品上的两个相同的商标。第三,权利产生方式不同。著作权通常自动产生,不必经过任何登记或审查程序;商标则必须依法由国家特定的行政机关进行审查后授予合法申请人。
D. 我想知道美国著作权法、专利法、商标法的发展,详细点,如果能有英文翻译最好,谁可以帮帮我
英日对照翻译的美国知识产权法介绍,希望对你有用
アメリカ知财戦略の基础知识(BASICS OF US IP STRATEGY)
Four Types of Intellectual Property(4种类の知的财产権)
Patents (特许)
Trademarks(商标)
Copyright(著作権)
Trade Secrets(トレードシークレット)
What is Patent?(特许とは何か)
Definition of patent(特许の定义)
The right to exclude others from making, using, selling, offering for sale, or importing the invention throughout the United States
Limitations of patent(特许権の限界)
Geographical(地理的限界)
A patent issued by one country cannot be enforced in another – the inventor or its assignee must apply in each country in which patent protection is desired
Time(时间的限界)
A patent is enforceable for a limited period; 20 years from filing date for most types, 14 years for any new, original and ornamental design for an article of manufacture
What is patentable?(何が特许の対象となるか)
Processes(プロセス、方法)
Apparatus(机械)
Manufactured goods(制品)
Compositions of matters (组成物)(such as chemical compounds)
What are the requirements?(特许要件は何か)
An invention must be
Novel (新规性)
non-obvious(非自明性)
Useful(有用性)
One Year Time Limits for Filing in US(1年间のアメリカにおける特许出愿期间)
An application must be filed within one year of the earliest of any of the following:
the date that the invention is offered for sale or sold in the United States.
the date that the invention is used in public in the United States;
the date that the invention is published anywhere in the world;
Steps for Obtaining a Patent in US(特许取得までの流れ)
Consulting with a patent attorney
Concting a patentability search on the invention
Preparing a disclosure of the invention
Preparing and filing patent application in the US Patent and Trademark Office (PTO)
Examination by PTO and PTO’s office action
Publication in 18 months after filing date
Submitting responses
Notice of Allowance by PTO and payment of an issue fee
Issuance of patent
Who Owns an Invention?(谁が発明の所有者か)
Between employer and employee(雇用者と従业员间)
Without written assignment or implied-in-fact assignment (in the case that an employee was hired for the specific purpose of the invention), an employee owns the invention
Employer obtains only a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use the invention (Shop Right)
Importance of a written assignment agreement
Who Owns an Invention? (谁が発明の所有者か)
Between co-inventors or co-developers(共同発明家、开発者间)
Without an agreement, each joint inventor or each joint developer has a full right to the invention
Two companies end up as joint owners of the invention and any resulting patent
Each company may use it freely
Importance of a written agreement regarding which party owns it, how they can use the invention, how they can exploit the invention, and how they will share profit
What is a Trade Secret?(トレードシークレットとは何か)
Information, including a formula, pattern, compilation, program device, method, technique, or process, that are protected by trade secret law.
Such as know-how (e.g.manufacturing techniques); business information (e.g. new proct information, business methods, source of supply, customers lists, and even knowledge of a particular customer’s needs), and ideas (e.g. innovations relating to new technology and manufacturing methods).
Example:
CoCa Cola Formula(コカコーラの原液の组成)
Three Conditions for Protection(保护のための3つの要件)
The information must not be “generally known” or “readily ascertainable” through proper means. (一般に知られていないこと)
The information must have “independent economic value” e to its secrecy. (秘密にすることに経済的価値があること)
The trade secret holder must use reasonable efforts under the circumstances to protect the secrecy of the information.(秘密を守ることに合理的な努力をしていること)
Reasonable Measures to Keep Secret(秘密を守る合理的な方法)
A trade secret holder must use “reasonable measures under the circumstances” to protect the confidentiality of the information.
Two Protection Measures (2种类の保护制度)
Two broad categories of measures that a business can take to protect the secrecy of its trade secrets:
physical security measures (物理的秘密保护制度), and
notice measures(通知による秘密保护制度).
Physical security measures prevent people who do not need to know the information from coming in contact with the information (e.g., confidentiality barriers).
Notice measures put persons who come in contact with the information on notice that the information is to remain secret.
Physical Security Measures(物理的秘密保护制度)
A business should:
determine how information flows into, through and out of the business;
place physical security barriers wherever reasonable; and
seek to preclude access by all those who do not need to know the information.
Notice Measures (通知による秘密保护制度)
Generally, an employee will not be held responsible for keeping information confidential if the employer has not expressed any desire to keep the information confidential. Therefore, all employees (and others) with access to confidential information should be given express notice as to what information is to remain confidential.
Notice Measures (通知による秘密保护制度)
Choose proceres that will be easy to show to a court (i.e., leave a paper trail wherever possible).
Any communication that identifies either what information is confidential or how to handle confidential information will work as a notice measure (e.g., employee handbooks, memoranm,, newsletters, and signs).
Notice Measures (通知による秘密保护制度)
Non-Disclosure Agreement(秘密保持契约) Should be Signed
Trade secrets are often lost through disclosures in the absence of a Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA).
NDA for Employees
NDA for Business Partner
Trade Secret Protection (トレードシークレットの保护内容)
Trade secret law prevents misappropriation (i.e., wrongful taking of trade secret information).
A wrongful taking can occur in a variety of manners.
For example, the taking of information would be wrongful when the taking is a: breach of contract, breach of ficiary obligation, theft, or other legal wrong.
Injunctive Relief and Damages
Patent vs. Trade Secret(特许とトレードシークレット)
Patent advantages(特许の长所)
Perfect exclusivity – you can stop others from using the invention even if others independently developed the invention
Patent disadvantages(特许の短所)
Limited period of protection
Discloses technology
Patent vs. Trade Secret (特许とトレードシークレット)
Trade secret advantages(トレードシークレットの长所)
Unlimited period of protection
Inventions maintained in secrecy
Trade secret disadvantages(トレードシークレットの短所)
Cannot stop others form using the invention if it was independently developed by the others or if it was discovered by reverse engineering.
Easily lost if it is disclosed to public
A third-party patentee could stop a trade secret owner from performing a trade secret, even if the trade secret owner invented (but never disclosed) first
What is Copyright?(著作権とは何か)
A Copyright is an intellectual property right to protect the tangible expression of ideas(具体的な考えの表现), not to protect an idea itself.
For example, a right protects an author of a book from having the work copied but does not protect the author from having the ideas disclosed in the book utilized.
Subject Matter of Copyright(著作権の対象)
(1) literary works(文芸著作物);
(2) musical works, including accompanying words(音楽著作物);
(3) dramatic works, including any accompanying music(演剧著作物);
(4) pantomimes and choreographic works(舞踏振り付けの著作物);
(5) pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works(図画雕刻著作物);
(6) motion pictures and other audiovisual works(动画视聴覚著作物);
(7) sound recordings(录音著作物); and
(8) architectural works(建筑著作物).
Subject Matter of Copyright (著作権の対象)
Computer Programs/Software(コンピュータープログラム、ソフトウエア-):
Prior to 1980 courts generally viewed computer programs as literary works protected by right as literary works. A 1980 amendment to the Copyright Act extended right protection to computer programs, which it defined as “a set of statements or instructions to be used directly or indirectly in a computer to bring about a certain result.”
Subject Matter of Copyright (著作権の対象)
Derivative Works(派生著作物)
A “derivative work” is a work based upon preexisting material to which enough original creative work has been added so that the new work represents an original work of authorship.
Examples of a derivative work include an English translation of a book written in Japanese, a movie based on a book, and a jazz version of a pop song.
Remaking right (リメーク権) is one type of rights to derivative works.
How to obtain a Copyright(著作権の取得方法)
A right starts to exist as soon as a work of expression is rendered in some fixed, tangible form, such as a book, word processor file, audio recording, digital recording, etc.
A registration is not required for a valid US right.
How to obtain a Copyright (著作権の取得方法)
Two Requirements of Copyrightability(著作権の2要件)
(1) Fixation(固定性). The work must be fixed in a tangible medium of expression. That means it must be reced to some physical form or representation “sufficiently permanent or stable to permit it to be perceived, reproced or otherwise communicated for a period of more than transitory ration.”
How to obtain a Copyright (著作権の取得方法)
(2) Originality(独创性). There are two aspects to originality – independent creation and a modest quantum of creativity:
A. Independent Creation(独立した创造). This condition is met if the work was not copied from another work. This condition does not require the work to be new, novel, or unique.
B. Quantum of Creativity(わずかの创造性). This condition is met if the work demonstrates a minimal amount of creative authorship. Artistic merit or aesthetic value is not required.
很遗憾字数超过了 你给我邮箱吧
E. 著作权法,专利法,商标法分别修改了几次,近几年还会修改吗
著作权法:1990年通过,2001年第一次修复正,2010年第二次修正,目前制施行的是2010年的版本。
专利法:1984年通过,1992年第一次修正知,2000年第二次修正,2008年第三次修正,目前施行的是2008年的版本。
商标法:1982年通过,1993年第一次修正,2001年第二次修正,目前施行的是2001年的版本。
另外,商标法第三次修改道草案去年已经公布,啥时候施行还不知道。。
F. 著作权法与专利法在制度设计上有哪些不同
(1)两者的保护对象不同
著作权所保护的并非作品的思想内容,而是内表达该思想内容的容具体形式。专利权则不同,专利法所保护的是具有新颖性、创造性、实用性的发明创造,它抛开表达形式而深入到技术方案本身。
(2)两者的保护条件不同
著作权并不要求保护的作品是首创
的,而只要求它是独创的。而对于同一内容的发明,专利权只授予先申请人。这是“独创性”与“首创性”即两者保护条件的差异。
(3)两种权利产生程序不同
世界上绝大多数国家的著作权均伴随着作品的创作完成而自动产生,无须履行任何注册登记手续。而相同内容的几项发明创造只能授予一项专利,排斥了其他有相同创造成果的人享有相同权利的可能性,所以必须采取国家行政授权的方法确定权利人。专利权的产生需要专利机关的特别授权,经过申请、审查、批准、公告,颁发专利证书等程序才能产生。
(4)两者的适用领域不同
著作权所保护的作品主要涉及文学、艺术领域。而专利权主要发生在工业生产领域,与产品的技术方案息息相关。
G. 我国现行的专利法,商标法,著作权法是几几年的中间有过什么加入的条文没有
著作权法:(1990年9月7日第七(1990年9月7日第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十五次会议通过根据2001年10月27日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十四次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国著作权法〉的决定》修正) 根据2001年10月27日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十四次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国著作权法〉的决定》修正)
专利法:1984年3月12日通过 根据1992年9月4日第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十七次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国专利法〉的决定》第一次修正 根据2000年8月25日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十七次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国专利法〉的决定》第二次修正 根据2008年12月27日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第六次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国专利法〉的决定》第三次修正)商标法:1982年8月23日第五届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十四次会议通过根据1993年2月22日第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第三十次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国商标法〉的决定》第一次修正根据2001年10月27日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十四次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国商标法〉的决定》第二次修正
H. 著作权和专利权有何区别
两者区别主要体现在保护对象、保护条件、产生程序和适用领域不同。
I. 版权法、专利法和商标法的区别急!!O(∩_∩)O谢谢
这个问题不是已经回答了吗?
三者保护的主体不相同回.
版权,又成为著作权,保护的是文学作品\影视作品以答及其他类型的文艺作品,版权不需要去申请就能自动获得,作品完成之日起即自动获得版权;
商标,保护的是商品的标识权,需要有显著的特征以示区别,商标是需要申请的,申请后经过审查合格的,才有商标权;
专利,保护的是技术方案或者产品的外观,技术方案要能够解决技术问题,外观设计需要新颖并具有美感.专利也是要去申请后经过审查才能取得专利权.
三者都有排他权,也就是说三者都可以排除他人未经允许擅自使用著作权的内容\商标\专利技术.
J. 著作权法与专利法在制度设立上的主要区别
北京来五一国际知识产源权解答,工业品外观设计在性质上介于作品与发明之间,因此世界各国便采用了自专利法至著作权法等在内的各种各样的法律模式来保护它。
关于我国对外观设计专利权是否适用双重保护,理论界有所争论。实用艺术作品一般被认为可以同时受外观设计专利级著作权的保护。
实用艺术作品是指具有实用性、艺术性并符合作品构成要件的智力创作成果。实用艺术作品应当具有实用性、艺术性、独创性和可复制性。我国著作权法没有明文规定对实用艺术作品的保护,但《实施国际著作权条约的规定》规定了对外国实用艺术作品的保护。因为实用艺术作品包括外观设计,根据上述规定,外观设计同时受到著作权与专利权的双重保护。