A. 著作权法与专利法在制度设计上有哪些不同
(1)两者的保护对象不同
著作权所保护的并非作品的思想内容，而是内表达该思想内容的容具体形式。专利权则不同，专利法所保护的是具有新颖性、创造性、实用性的发明创造，它抛开表达形式而深入到技术方案本身。
(2)两者的保护条件不同
著作权并不要求保护的作品是首创
的，而只要求它是独创的。而对于同一内容的发明，专利权只授予先申请人。这是“独创性”与“首创性”即两者保护条件的差异。
(3)两种权利产生程序不同
世界上绝大多数国家的著作权均伴随着作品的创作完成而自动产生，无须履行任何注册登记手续。而相同内容的几项发明创造只能授予一项专利，排斥了其他有相同创造成果的人享有相同权利的可能性，所以必须采取国家行政授权的方法确定权利人。专利权的产生需要专利机关的特别授权，经过申请、审查、批准、公告，颁发专利证书等程序才能产生。
(4)两者的适用领域不同
著作权所保护的作品主要涉及文学、艺术领域。而专利权主要发生在工业生产领域，与产品的技术方案息息相关。
B. 著作权和专利权有何区别
两者区别主要体现在保护对象、保护条件、产生程序和适用领域不同。
C. 在我国，知识产权法是以《著作权法》，《专利法》和《商标法》为限 对吗
不是的，大的权利框架上知识产权分为著作权，商标权，专利权，但是具体的法律并不局限于此。主要有
1.知识产权法律，如著作权法、专利法、商标法。
2．知识产权行政法规。其主要有著作权法实施条例、计算机软件保护条例、专利法实施细则、商标法实施条例、知识产权海关保护条例、植物新品种保护条例、集成电路布图设计保护条例等。
3．知识产权地方性法规、自治条例和单行条例，如深圳经济特区企业技术秘密保护条例。
知识产权法4．知识产权行政规章，如国家工商行政管理局关于禁止侵犯商业秘密行为的规定。
5．知识产权司法解释，如《最高人民法院关于审理专利纠纷案件适用法律问题的若干规定》、《最高人民法院关于诉前停止侵犯注册商标专用权行为和保全证据适用法律问题的解释》。
此外还有国际条约与公约，中国在制订国内知识产权法律法规的同时，加强了与世界各国在知识产权领域的交往与合作，加入了十多项知识产权保护的国际公约。主要有：与贸易有关的知识产权协定（TRIPS协定）、保护工业产权巴黎公约、保护文学和艺术作品伯尔尼公约、世界版权公约、商标国际注册马德里协定、专利合作条约等。其中，世界贸易组织中的TRIPS协定被认为是当前世界范围内知识产权保护领域中涉及面广、保护水平高、保护力度大、制约力强的国际公约，对中国有关知识产权法律的修改起了重要作用。
希望能帮到您。
D. 我想知道美国著作权法、专利法、商标法的发展，详细点，如果能有英文翻译最好，谁可以帮帮我
英日对照翻译的美国知识产权法介绍，希望对你有用
アメリカ知财戦略の基础知识 (BASICS OF US IP STRATEGY)
Four Types of Intellectual Property （4种类の知的财产権）
Patents （特许）
Trademarks（商标）
Copyright（著作権）
Trade Secrets（トレードシークレット）
What is Patent?（特许とは何か）
Definition of patent（特许の定义）
The right to exclude others from making, using, selling, offering for sale, or importing the invention throughout the United States
Limitations of patent （特许権の限界）
Geographical（地理的限界）
A patent issued by one country cannot be enforced in another – the inventor or its assignee must apply in each country in which patent protection is desired
Time（时间的限界）
A patent is enforceable for a limited period; 20 years from filing date for most types, 14 years for any new, original and ornamental design for an article of manufacture
What is patentable? （何が特许の対象となるか）
Processes（プロセス、方法）
Apparatus（机械）
Manufactured goods（制品）
Compositions of matters （组成物）(such as chemical compounds)
What are the requirements? （特许要件は何か）
An invention must be
Novel （新规性）
non-obvious（非自明性）
Useful（有用性）
One Year Time Limits for Filing in US （1年间のアメリカにおける特许出愿期间）
An application must be filed within one year of the earliest of any of the following:
the date that the invention is offered for sale or sold in the United States.
the date that the invention is used in public in the United States;
the date that the invention is published anywhere in the world;
Steps for Obtaining a Patent in US （特许取得までの流れ）
Consulting with a patent attorney
Concting a patentability search on the invention
Preparing a disclosure of the invention
Preparing and filing patent application in the US Patent and Trademark Office (PTO)
Examination by PTO and PTO’s office action
Publication in 18 months after filing date
Submitting responses
Notice of Allowance by PTO and payment of an issue fee
Issuance of patent
Who Owns an Invention? （谁が発明の所有者か）
Between employer and employee（雇用者と従业员间）
Without written assignment or implied-in-fact assignment (in the case that an employee was hired for the specific purpose of the invention), an employee owns the invention
Employer obtains only a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use the invention （Shop Right）
Importance of a written assignment agreement
Who Owns an Invention? （谁が発明の所有者か）
Between co-inventors or co-developers（共同発明家、开発者间）
Without an agreement, each joint inventor or each joint developer has a full right to the invention
Two companies end up as joint owners of the invention and any resulting patent
Each company may use it freely
Importance of a written agreement regarding which party owns it, how they can use the invention, how they can exploit the invention, and how they will share profit
What is a Trade Secret? （トレードシークレットとは何か）
Information, including a formula, pattern, compilation, program device, method, technique, or process, that are protected by trade secret law.
Such as know-how (e.g.manufacturing techniques); business information (e.g. new proct information, business methods, source of supply, customers lists, and even knowledge of a particular customer’s needs), and ideas (e.g. innovations relating to new technology and manufacturing methods).
Example:
CoCa Cola Formula(コカコーラの原液の组成）
Three Conditions for Protection （保护のための3つの要件）
The information must not be “generally known” or “readily ascertainable” through proper means. （一般に知られていないこと）
The information must have “independent economic value” e to its secrecy. （秘密にすることに経済的価値があること）
The trade secret holder must use reasonable efforts under the circumstances to protect the secrecy of the information.（秘密を守ることに合理的な努力をしていること）
Reasonable Measures to Keep Secret （秘密を守る合理的な方法）
A trade secret holder must use “reasonable measures under the circumstances” to protect the confidentiality of the information.
Two Protection Measures （2种类の保护制度）
Two broad categories of measures that a business can take to protect the secrecy of its trade secrets:
physical security measures （物理的秘密保护制度）, and
notice measures（通知による秘密保护制度）.
Physical security measures prevent people who do not need to know the information from coming in contact with the information (e.g., confidentiality barriers).
Notice measures put persons who come in contact with the information on notice that the information is to remain secret.
Physical Security Measures （物理的秘密保护制度）
A business should:
determine how information flows into, through and out of the business;
place physical security barriers wherever reasonable; and
seek to preclude access by all those who do not need to know the information.
Notice Measures （通知による秘密保护制度）
Generally, an employee will not be held responsible for keeping information confidential if the employer has not expressed any desire to keep the information confidential. Therefore, all employees (and others) with access to confidential information should be given express notice as to what information is to remain confidential.
Notice Measures （通知による秘密保护制度）
Choose proceres that will be easy to show to a court (i.e., leave a paper trail wherever possible).
Any communication that identifies either what information is confidential or how to handle confidential information will work as a notice measure (e.g., employee handbooks, memoranm,, newsletters, and signs).
Notice Measures （通知による秘密保护制度）
Non-Disclosure Agreement（秘密保持契约） Should be Signed
Trade secrets are often lost through disclosures in the absence of a Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA).
NDA for Employees
NDA for Business Partner
Trade Secret Protection （トレードシークレットの保护内容）
Trade secret law prevents misappropriation (i.e., wrongful taking of trade secret information).
A wrongful taking can occur in a variety of manners.
For example, the taking of information would be wrongful when the taking is a: breach of contract, breach of ficiary obligation, theft, or other legal wrong.
Injunctive Relief and Damages
Patent vs. Trade Secret （特许とトレードシークレット）
Patent advantages(特许の长所）
Perfect exclusivity – you can stop others from using the invention even if others independently developed the invention
Patent disadvantages（特许の短所）
Limited period of protection
Discloses technology
Patent vs. Trade Secret （特许とトレードシークレット）
Trade secret advantages（トレードシークレットの长所）
Unlimited period of protection
Inventions maintained in secrecy
Trade secret disadvantages（トレードシークレットの短所）
Cannot stop others form using the invention if it was independently developed by the others or if it was discovered by reverse engineering.
Easily lost if it is disclosed to public
A third-party patentee could stop a trade secret owner from performing a trade secret, even if the trade secret owner invented (but never disclosed) first
What is Copyright? （著作権とは何か）
A Copyright is an intellectual property right to protect the tangible expression of ideas（具体的な考えの表现）, not to protect an idea itself.
For example, a right protects an author of a book from having the work copied but does not protect the author from having the ideas disclosed in the book utilized.
Subject Matter of Copyright （著作権の対象）
(1) literary works（文芸著作物）;
(2) musical works, including accompanying words（音楽著作物）;
(3) dramatic works, including any accompanying music（演剧著作物）;
(4) pantomimes and choreographic works（舞踏振り付けの著作物）;
(5) pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works（図画雕刻著作物）;
(6) motion pictures and other audiovisual works（动画视聴覚著作物）;
(7) sound recordings（录音著作物）; and
(8) architectural works（建筑著作物）.
Subject Matter of Copyright （著作権の対象）
Computer Programs/Software（コンピュータープログラム、ソフトウエア－）:
Prior to 1980 courts generally viewed computer programs as literary works protected by right as literary works. A 1980 amendment to the Copyright Act extended right protection to computer programs, which it defined as “a set of statements or instructions to be used directly or indirectly in a computer to bring about a certain result.”
Subject Matter of Copyright （著作権の対象）
Derivative Works（派生著作物）
A “derivative work” is a work based upon preexisting material to which enough original creative work has been added so that the new work represents an original work of authorship.
Examples of a derivative work include an English translation of a book written in Japanese, a movie based on a book, and a jazz version of a pop song.
Remaking right (リメーク権） is one type of rights to derivative works.
How to obtain a Copyright （著作権の取得方法）
A right starts to exist as soon as a work of expression is rendered in some fixed, tangible form, such as a book, word processor file, audio recording, digital recording, etc.
A registration is not required for a valid US right.
How to obtain a Copyright （著作権の取得方法）
Two Requirements of Copyrightability(著作権の2要件）
(1) Fixation（固定性）. The work must be fixed in a tangible medium of expression. That means it must be reced to some physical form or representation “sufficiently permanent or stable to permit it to be perceived, reproced or otherwise communicated for a period of more than transitory ration.”
How to obtain a Copyright （著作権の取得方法）
(2) Originality（独创性）. There are two aspects to originality – independent creation and a modest quantum of creativity:
A. Independent Creation（独立した创造）. This condition is met if the work was not copied from another work. This condition does not require the work to be new, novel, or unique.
B. Quantum of Creativity（わずかの创造性）. This condition is met if the work demonstrates a minimal amount of creative authorship. Artistic merit or aesthetic value is not required.
很遗憾字数超过了 你给我邮箱吧
E. 著作权权利人不包括（） A 发明人 B 翻译人 C 汇编人 D 委托人 麻烦解释具体一点，谢
<专利法>
第六条 执行本单位的任务或者主要是利用本单位的物质技术条件所完成的发明创回造为职务发明创造。答职务发明创造申请专利的权利属于该单位；申请被批准后，该单位为专利权人。
非职务发明创造，申请专利的权利属于发明人或者设计人；申请被批准后，该发明人或者设计人为专利权人。
利用本单位的物质技术条件所完成的发明创造，单位与发明人或者设计人订有合同，对申请专利的权利和专利权的归属作出约定的，从其约定。
<著作权法>
第十二条改编、翻译、注释、整理已有作品而产生的作品，其著作权由改编、翻译、注释、整理人享有，但行使著作权时不得侵犯原作品的著作权。
第十四条汇编若干作品、作品的片段或者不构成作品的数据或者其他材料，对其内容的选择或者编排体现独创性的作品，为汇编作品，其著作权由汇编人享有，但行使著作权时，不得侵犯原作品的著作权。
第十七条受委托创作的作品，著作权的归属由委托人和受托人通过合同约定。合同未作明确约定或者没有订立合同的，著作权属于受托人。
所以应该是A吧，发明人享有的是专利权。后面3个都可以获得著作权。LS说的D，委托人是可以通过合同约定取得著作权的。所以不对
F. 现专利法对外观设计的原创要求与著作权的原创要求有什么不同
《专利法》第二十三条 授予专利权的外观设计，应当不属于现有专设计；也没有任何单属位或者个人就同样的外观设计在申请日以前向国务院专利行政部门提出过申请，并记载在申请日以后公告的专利文件中。
授予专利权的外观设计与现有设计或者现有设计特征的组合相比，应当具有明显区别。
授予专利权的外观设计不得与他人在申请日以前已经取得的合法权利相冲突。
本法所称现有设计，是指申请日以前在国内外为公众所知的设计。
《著作权法》中涉及作品的原创性，关键在于是否由作者本人创造，而不在于该相同或者类似作品此前是否已经发布。
G. 版权法、专利法和商标法的区别急！！O(∩_∩)O谢谢
这个问题不是已经回答了吗?
三者保护的主体不相同回.
版权,又成为著作权,保护的是文学作品\影视作品以答及其他类型的文艺作品,版权不需要去申请就能自动获得,作品完成之日起即自动获得版权;
商标,保护的是商品的标识权,需要有显著的特征以示区别,商标是需要申请的,申请后经过审查合格的,才有商标权;
专利,保护的是技术方案或者产品的外观,技术方案要能够解决技术问题,外观设计需要新颖并具有美感.专利也是要去申请后经过审查才能取得专利权.
三者都有排他权,也就是说三者都可以排除他人未经允许擅自使用著作权的内容\商标\专利技术.
H. 著作权法与专利法在制度设立上的主要区别
(1)两者的保护对象不同
著作权所保护的并非作品的思想内容，而是回表达该思想内容的具体形式。专利答权则不同，专利法所保护的是具有新颖性、创造性、实用性的发明创造，它抛开表达形式而深入到技术方案本身。
(2)两者的保护条件不同
著作权并不要求保护的作品是首创
的，而只要求它是独创的。而对于同一内容的发明，专利权只授予先申请人。这是“独创性”与“首创性”即两者保护条件的差异。
(3)两种权利产生程序不同
世界上绝大多数国家的著作权均伴随着作品的创作完成而自动产生，无须履行任何注册登记手续。而相同内容的几项发明创造只能授予一项专利，排斥了其他有相同创造成果的人享有相同权利的可能性，所以必须采取国家行政授权的方法确定权利人。专利权的产生需要专利机关的特别授权，经过申请、审查、批准、公告，颁发专利证书等程序才能产生。
(4)两者的适用领域不同
著作权所保护的作品主要涉及文学、艺术领域。而专利权主要发生在工业生产领域，与产品的技术方案息息相关。