❶ 我國古代的發明家
1，張衡
東漢時期，也就是距今約一千八百多年前(公元117年)，一台利用水力推動運轉的專大型天屬文儀器――「水運渾象」在東漢的京都洛陽製造成功。相隔二十年後(公元138年)，安置在京都洛陽的又一台儀器――「候風地動儀」，准確地報告了西方千里之外發生的地震。這標志著人類開始了用儀器記錄研究地震的新紀元。
2，蔡倫
紙的發明家蔡倫的名字也許鮮為人知。與他的重大發明相比，他在西方受到忽視的程度的確使人瞠目，有些大部頭的網路全書里甚至沒有一篇短文提及到他，他的名字在標準的歷史教程中也很少提到。由於紙的重要性顯而易知，所以有關蔡倫史料的缺乏會使人們認為他這個人物是純屬虛構。但是經過仔細研究就清楚地說明蔡倫確有其人。
3，畢升
發明創造：活字印刷術的發明者
4，杜詩
杜詩 ，（?-38）東漢機械工程家。字君公。河南汲縣（今河南）人。光武帝時，為侍御史。建武七年（公元31年），任南陽太守時，創造水排（水力鼓風機），以水力傳動機械，使皮製的鼓風囊連續開合，將空氣送入冶鐵爐，鑄造農具，用力少而見效多。
望採納，謝謝。
❷ 目前.中國最有名的發明家是誰他的作品是什麼謝謝....
袁隆平：世界雜交水稻之父簡介
袁隆平1930年9月1日（農歷七月初九）出生於北京協和醫院。祖籍江西省德安縣。
袁隆平的童年正處在中國時局動盪、國難當頭的抗日戰爭時期。1938年秋，8歲的袁隆平隨父母從漢口經湖南桃源、湖北宜昌去四川，1939年抵達重慶。先後在漢口扶輪小學，湖南弘毅小學，重慶龍門浩中心小學、復興初級中學、贛江中學、博學中學讀書；1948年2月，袁隆平進入南京中央大學附中讀書。
在求學階段，袁隆平肯動腦筋，不讀死書，善於思索，被老師稱為「愛提問的學生」。一次，參觀園藝場的偶然機會，引起了袁隆平對大自然神奇的幻想而立志學農。1949年，袁隆平考入重慶相輝學院農學系（1952年全國院系調整時並入西南農學院）。
1953年8月大學畢業後分配到湖南省安江農校任教，講授俄語、植物、作物栽培、遺傳育種等課程。1964年2月，與農技幹部鄧哲結婚。在安江農校長達18年的教學生涯中，袁隆平一面教學，一面從事生產實踐，選擇課題進行科學研究。
20世紀60年代初，袁隆平帶領學生下農村生產實習，目睹了農村糧食短缺、群眾生活困難的現狀，決心從農作物品種改良入手，探索科技興農之路，與飢餓和災荒作斗爭。
1964年，袁隆平在我國率先開展水稻雜種優勢利用研究，並提出通過培育雄性不育系、雄性不育保持系和雄性不育恢復系的三系法途徑來培育雜交水稻，以大幅度提高水稻產量。
但工作剛剛起步，就開始了「文化大革命」。在上級有關部門的支持下，他避開干擾，依靠社會主義的大協作精神，帶領助手刻苦鑽研，克服種種困難，經過10年奮戰，終於攻克了三系法雜交水稻研究中的難題。1972年袁隆平與同事們一起率先育成我國第一個實用的水稻雄性不育系及其保持系「二九南1號」，並於1973年實現「三系」配套，1974年選育成第一個強優組合「南優2號」，1975年研究出一整套生產雜交種子的制種技術，1976年開始，雜交水稻在全國大面積推廣，比常規稻平均增產20%左右。由此，袁隆平成為世界上第一個成功地將水稻雜種優勢應用於生產的科學家。
1980年以來，袁隆平又先後育成「威優64」、「威優49」等幾個大面積推廣的早熟、多抗新組合。1987年，兩系法雜交水稻研究列入國家「863」計劃，袁隆平掛帥開展全國性的協作攻關。歷經九年的艱苦攻關，1995年，兩系法雜交水稻研究成功，普遍比同熟期的三系雜交稻每畝增產5%—10%。
1998年，袁隆平主持的長江流域兩系法雜交早秈稻選育研究獲得突破，育成優質、高產、早中熟的兩系早秈稻組合，為解決長期以來長江流域早秈稻米質不好、產量不高的難題提供了有力的技術支撐。
1998年，超級雜交稻研究被列為國家「863計劃」重點項目，袁隆平出任首席責任專家；2000年，超級雜交稻實現百畝示範片畝產700公斤的第一期目標；2004年，超級雜交稻實現百畝示範片畝產800公斤的第二期目標；現正朝著百畝示範片畝產900公斤的第三期目標努力，計劃到2010年實現。www.MRZL.COM。
由於開展雜交水稻研究的需要，袁隆平1971年2月從安江農校調到湖南省農業科學院雜交水稻研究協作組工作。1978年晉升為研究員。1982年和1985年先後被湖南農學院和西南農業大學聘為兼職教授。
為加強和協調雜交水稻的科學研究，1984年成立了全國性的雜交水稻專門研究機構——湖南雜交水稻研究中心，袁隆平任中心主任。1995年，國家雜交水稻工程技術研究中心成立，袁隆平任主任。
1995年，袁隆平當選為中國工程院院士，2006年4月當選美國科學院外籍院士。現任全國政協常委、湖南省政協副主席、國家雜交水稻工程技術研究中心與湖南雜交水稻研究中心主任，受聘為聯合國糧農組織首席顧問。
❸ 中國古代的大發明家有那些
第一名：萊昂納多·達·芬奇(義大利)
最著名的發明：計算器
提到達·芬奇和他的發明時，你最好問這樣的問題：「什麼東西不是他發明的？」因為他發明的東西實在太多了。達·芬奇的工作日誌里繪有許多東西的設計圖，但其中最值得一提的就是計算器的設計。試想如果缺少簡單的復雜的數學運算，那科學將會是什麼樣子。
達·芬奇堪稱文藝復興開山鼻祖，他能畫(比如傑作《蒙娜麗莎》)，能雕塑，也能發明。他那至今令全世界著迷的日記，描繪勾勒了從人體到直升機和坦克的很多事物。
最酷的事實：達·芬奇日記長達13000多頁，至今仍在影響科學研究。2005年，一名英國外科醫生還利用達·芬奇設計的方法做心臟修復手術，這件事情本身就讓人吃驚，你若知道達·芬奇當時連人體循環系統工作機理的一點概念都沒有時，那簡直就是驚詫了。
❹ 發明家資料
Thomas Edison, 1847-1931 America's Great Inventor
Edison is remembered most for the electric light, phonograph and his work with motion pictures.
ANNOUNCER:
Welcome to the VOA Special English program, People in America. Today, Sarah Long and Bob Doughty tell about the inventor Thomas Alva Edison. He had a major effect on the lives of people around the world. Thomas Edison is remembered most for the electric light, his phonograph and his work with motion pictures.
(MUSIC)
VOICE ONE:
Thomas Edison's major inventions were designed and built in the last years of the eighteen hundreds. However, most of them had their greatest effect in the twentieth century. His inventions made possible the progress of technology.
It is extremely difficult to find anyone living today who has not been affected in some way by Thomas Edison. Most people on Earth have seen some kind of motion picture or heard some kind of sound recording. And almost everyone has at least seen an electric light.
These are only three of the many devices Thomas Edison invented or helped to improve. People living in this century have had easier and more enjoyable lives because of his inventions.
VOICE TWO:
Thomas Alva Edison was born on February eleventh, eighteen forty-seven in the small town of Milan, Ohio. He was the youngest of seven children.
Thomas Edison was self-taught. He went to school for only three months. His teacher thought he could not learn because he had a mental problem. But young Tom Edison could learn. He learned from books and he experimented.
At the age of ten, he built his own chemical laboratory. He experimented with chemicals and electricity. He built a telegraph machine and quickly learned to send and receive telegraph messages. At the time, sending electric signals over wires was the fastest method of sending information long distances. At the age of sixteen, he went to work as a telegraph operator.
He later worked in many different places. He continued to experiment with electricity. When he was twenty-one, he sent the United States government the documents needed to request the legal protection for his first invention. The government gave him his first patent on an electric device he called an Electrographic Vote Recorder. It used electricity to count votes in an election.
VOICE ONE:
In the summer months of eighteen sixty-nine, the Western Union Telegraph Company asked Thomas Edison to improve a device that was used to send financial information. It was called a stock printer. Mister Edison very quickly made great improvements in the device. The company paid him forty thousand dollars for his effort. That was a lot of money for the time.
This large amount of money permitted Mister Edison to start his own company. He announced that the company would improve existing telegraph devices and work on new inventions.
Mister Edison told friends that his new company would invent a minor device every ten days and proce what he called a "big trick" about every six months. He also proposed that his company would make inventions to order. He said that if someone needed a device to do some kind of work, just ask and it would be invented.
VOICE TWO:
Within a few weeks Thomas Edison and his employees were working on more than forty different projects. They were either new inventions or would lead to improvements in other devices. Very quickly he was asking the United States government for patents to protect more than one hundred devices or inventions each year. He was an extremely busy man. But then Thomas Edison was always very busy.
He almost never slept more than four or five hours a night. He usually worked eighteen hours each day because he enjoyed what he was doing. He believed no one really needed much sleep. He once said that anyone could learn to go without sleep.
(MUSIC)
VOICE ONE:
Thomas Edison did not enjoy taking to reporters. He thought it was a waste of time. However, he did talk to a reporter in nineteen seventeen. He was seventy years old at the time and still working on new devices and inventions.
The reporter asked Mister Edison which of his many inventions he enjoyed the most. He answered quickly, the phonograph. He said the phonograph was really the most interesting. He also said it took longer to develop a machine to reproce sound than any other of his inventions.
Thomas Edison told the reporter that he had listened to many thousands of recordings. He especially liked music by Brahms, Verdi and Beethoven. He also liked popular music.
Many of the recordings that Thomas Edison listened to in nineteen seventeen can still be enjoyed today. His invention makes it possible for people around the world to enjoy the same recorded sound.
VOICE TWO:
The reporter also asked Thomas Edison what was the hardest invention to develop. He answered quickly again -- the electric light. He said that it was the most difficult and the most important.
Before the electric light was invented, light was provided in most homes and buildings by oil or natural gas. Both caused many fires each year. Neither one proced much light.
Mister Edison had seen a huge and powerful electric light. He believed that a smaller electric light would be extremely useful.He and his employees began work on the electric light.
VOICE ONE:
An electric light passes electricity through material called a filament or wire. The electricity makes the filament burn and proce light. Thomas Edison and his employees worked for many months to find the right material to act as the filament.
Time after time a new filament would proce light for a few moments and then burn up. At last Mister Edison found that a carbon fiber proced light and lasted a long time without burning up. The electric light worked.
At first, people thought the electric light was extremely interesting but had no value. Homes and businesses did not have electricity. There was no need for it.
Mister Edison started a company that provided electricity for electric lights for a small price each month. The small company grew slowly at first. Then it expanded rapidly. His company was the beginning of the electric power instry.
VOICE TWO:
Thomas Edison also was responsible for the very beginnings of the movie instry. While he did not invent the idea of the motion picture, he greatly improved the process. He also invented the modern motion picture film.
When motion pictures first were shown in the late eighteen hundreds, people came to see movies of almost anything -- a ship, people walking on the street, new automobiles. But in time, these moving pictures were no longer interesting.
In nineteen-oh-three, an employee of Thomas Edison's motion picture company proced a movie with a story. It was called "The Great Train Robbery." It told a simple story of a group of western criminals who steal money from a train. Later they are killed by a group of police in a gun fight. The movie was extremely popular. "The Great Train Robbery" started the huge motion picture instry.
(MUSIC)
VOICE ONE:
Thomas Alva Edison is remembered most for the electric light, his phonograph and his work with motion pictures. However, he also invented several devices that greatly improved the telephone. He improved several kinds of machines called generators that proced electricity. He improved batteries that hold electricity. He worked on many different kinds of electric motors including those for electric trains.
Mister Edison also is remembered for making changes in the invention process. He moved from the Nineteenth Century method of an indivial doing the inventing to the Twentieth Century method using a team of researchers.
VOICE TWO:
In nineteen thirteen, a popular magazine at the time called Thomas Edison the most useful man in America. In nineteen twenty-eight, he received a special medal of honor from the Congress of the United States.
Thomas Edison died on January sixth, nineteen thirty-one. In the months before his death he was still working very hard. He had asked the government for legal protection for his last invention. It was patent number one thousand ninety-three.
(MUSIC)
ANNOUNCER:
This Special English program was written and proced by Paul Thompson. The announcers were Sarah Long and Bob Doughty.
I'm Mary Tillotson. Join us again next week for another PEOPLE IN AMERICA program on the Voice of America.
❺ 中國十大發明家
中國古代最著名的科學家：張衡、蔡倫、祖沖之、畢升、沈括、賈思勰、李冰、酈道元、郭守敬、李時珍、趙過、汜勝之、杜詩、許慎、張仲景、華佗、馬鈞、劉徽、趙爽、魏華存、
葛洪、陶弘景、何稠新、劉焯、裴矩、孫思邈、竇權蒙、陸羽、李吉甫、張君房、劉益、王惟一、孫夷、張紫陽、賈憲、邵雍、張載、蘇頌、楊介、錢乙、趙明誠、陳旁、鄭樵、陳自明、秦九韶、宋慈、趙友欽、扎馬魯丁、成無己、劉完素、楊輝、丁易東、李冶、黃道婆、王禎、朱世傑、朱思本、贍思、齊德之、滑壽、萬虎（萬戶）、蘭茂、吳敬、羅洪先、方有執、朱載培、黃成、程大位、徐光啟、徐霞客、計成、宋應星、孫雲球、湯若望、南懷仁、梅文鼎、陳潢、顏元、孫從添、明安圖、戴震、段玉裁、張明山、徐繼畲、何秋濤、姜別、徐壽、華蘅芳、徐壽、徐建寅、詹天佑、馮如、羅振玉、顧祖禹、竺可楨、吳有訓、侯德榜……
中國古代十大應用科學家：黃道婆、徐光啟、魯班、明安圖、宋應星、李春、張遂（僧一行）、徐霞客、馬均、裴秀。
中國古代十大醫學家：華佗、李時珍、孫思邈、葛洪、扁鵲、皇甫謐、朱丹溪、張仲景、葉天士、錢乙。
中國現當代最著名的科學家：錢學森、鄧稼先、華羅庚、李四光、袁隆平、茅以升、錢三強、於敏、王淦昌、錢偉長、蘇步青、李政道、竺可楨、童第周、趙九章、陳景潤、周培源、楊振寧、張文裕、侯德榜、丘成桐、熊慶來、吳文俊、周光召、李遠哲……（25人）
❻ 有哪些發明家發明了什麼，有哪些作用
托馬斯·米基利·梅勒，發明了加鉛汽油和氯氟烴。
奧托·李林塔爾，德國工程師和滑翔飛行家，世界航空先驅者之一。他最早設計和製造出實用的滑翔機，人稱「滑翔機之父」。
尼古拉·特斯拉，最著名的發明：無線電 。雖然尼古拉·特斯拉生前沒有因此得到認可，但美國聯邦最高法院最終還是肯定了他的專利申請，確認是他而不是馬可尼發明了無線電。
亞歷山德羅·伏特，最著名的發明：電池。「伏特電池」是現代電池的先驅。伏特一生職業都在搞電的東西。早期他發明了起電盤(即一次充電單板電容)，一年之後致力於封閉室燃氣點火發電實驗，在此過程中他發現了沼氣(甲烷)，即今天家庭普遍使用的一種氣體。然而真正使其出名的卻是「伏特電池」，其實就是一堆鋅片和銅片交互排列，再加上兩種金屬片之間為增強導電性而浸了鹽水的布料而已。但就是這種粗陋的電池向世界展示了如何利用金屬-化學組合生電的奧秘。 1881年，以其名字作為電壓的單位「伏特」。
亞歷山大·貝爾，發明了電話。
艾薩克·牛頓，發明了微積分。
本傑明·富蘭克林，發明了雙焦距眼鏡。大近視眼也能看清東西了。
詹姆斯·瓦特，發明了改進型蒸汽機。功率的單位「瓦特」就是以他的名字命名的，他一直被公認為是世界最偉大工程師。瓦特還發明了旋轉機和一種可自動調整機器轉速的被稱作「飛球」的裝置。
約翰內斯·古騰堡，發明了現代印刷術（古騰堡印刷機）。
托馬斯·愛迪生，最著名的發明：電燈。